A History of Rugby in Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia

Rugby, traditionally associated with nations of the British Isles, New Zealand, and South Africa, also has a history in the Baltic States. Although not as popular as football or basketball, rugby has been steadily growing in these countries over the past few decades, with dedicated enthusiasts working tirelessly to promote the sport.

Latvia

Latvia is often regarded as the pioneer of rugby in the Baltics. The sport first gained a foothold in the early 20th century, but, it wasn’t until the 1960s that rugby began to take a more organised form. The establishment of rugby teams in Latvia was primarily centred around Riga, which became the hub for promoting the sport.

The fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s was pivotal for Latvian rugby, enabling the country to form its own rugby federation. In 1991, Latvia joined the International Rugby Board (IRB, now World Rugby), increasing its participation in international competitions and solidifying its global presence.

Today, rugby in Latvia is growing, with the national team competing in European competitions such as the upcoming Autumn internationals alongside Lithuania and Estonia. Though still a niche sport, it has garnered a loyal following.

Lithuania

Lithuania has become a major player in Baltic rugby, with roots also going back to the 1960s. Despite the Soviet Union’s restrictive sports policies, rugby endured thanks to dedicated enthusiasts in cities like Vilnius and Kaunas. Key clubs, such as Vairas and Geležinis Vilkas, played a crucial role in maintaining the sport's presence during this period​

After Lithuania gained independence in 1991, rugby flourished. The Lithuanian Rugby Federation was founded in 1993, and the national team began competing in European championships. From 2006 to 2010, Lithuania set a record for the most consecutive international rugby wins, highlighting their growing strength​.

Today, rugby in Lithuania is experiencing a steady rise in popularity. The men’s and women’s national teams both participate in the Rugby Europe Championship, with rugby sevens being the dominant format.

Estonia

Rugby is the least developed in Estonia compared to Latvia and Lithuania, but it is not without its passionate supporters. The sport was introduced relatively late, around the 1990s, as Estonia regained its independence. British expatriates and local enthusiasts established rugby clubs in Tallinn, the capital, helping lay the foundation for the sport’s development in the country.

The Estonian Rugby Union was established in 2007, and the national team played its first match in 2009. Since the pandemic, rugby in Estonia has struggled, with the lack of infrastructure worsening the need to rebuild after a long break from international competitions. However, the Estonian rugby dream is being kept alive by dedicated individuals.

Conclusion

As we’ve seen, the history of rugby in the Baltics is one of resilience, but its future looks even brighter. Each country is investing in rugby infrastructure and strengthening their national teams, paving the way for greater success. 

As the sport gains more visibility and attracts younger players, rugby is poised to become a key part of the Baltic sporting culture, with increasing participation and development ensuring its growth for years to come.